原子相干操控
（Coherent Manipulation of Atoms）
科研骨干：何晓东、许鹏、刘敏、王坤鹏、李潇、庄军、王一波
（Key Researchers：He Xiao-Dong, Xu Peng, Liu Min, Wang Kun-Peng, Li Xiao, Zhuang Jun, Wang Yi-Bo ）
As natural qubits free from manufacturing defects, neutral atoms boast excellent connectivity and scalability, making them an ideal system for controlled quantum simulation of many-body physics and quantum computing. We have developed a unique neutral-atom quantum computing and quantum simulation platform, structured with magic-intensity optical dipole traps confining heteronuclear (Rb-85, Rb-87) atomic arrays.
单原子单分子及阵列（Single Atoms, Single Molecules, and Arrays）
- 魔幻强度光偶极阱 （MI-ODT）
The first experimental measurement of atomic hyperpolarizability; realization of the magic-intensity optical dipole trap [MI-ODT], which compensates for the differential light shift and extends the coherence time by two orders of magnitude.[J.H. Yang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 123201 (2016)].
- 高保真度原子单比特量子门 （High-fidelity atomic single-qubit quantum gate）
Construct a 4x4 novel magic-intensity optical dipole trap array with single-qubit quantum gate fidelity reaching 99.995%[C. Sheng, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 240501 (2018)].
- 异核单原子阵列（Heteronuclear Single-Atom Arrays）
The inelastic relaxation rates between two heteronuclear atoms were directly measured, revealing the dynamics mechanism of inelastic collisions in heteronuclear diatomic systems.[Peng Xu, et al., Nat. Commun., 6, 7803(2015)]. Strong dipole interactions and Rydberg blockade between heteronuclear atoms were proposed and realized, achieving for the first time quantum entanglement between two heteronuclear atoms with a fidelity of 0.59(3), demonstrating the anti-crosstalk capability of the heteronuclear atomic system.[Y. Zeng. et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 160502 (2017)]. The introduction of heteronuclear atoms effectively addresses the persistent challenge of crosstalk in quantum state manipulation and readout inherent to homonuclear systems. By precisely modulating the circular polarization of the MI-ODT, a balanced coherence time between the two atomic qubit species is attained, enabling the realization of heteronuclear atomic qubits with uniformly extended coherence times on the order of seconds[R.J. Guo et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 153201 (2020)].
- 单分子相干合成（Coherent Synthesis of Single Molecules）
A new method called "Spin-Motion Coupling (SMC)" was proposed, achieving for the first time the coherent synthesis of a single ultracold molecule and observing Rabi oscillations between a diatomic atom and a single molecule[X.D. He et al., Science 370, 331 (2020)].
原子干涉术（Atom Interferometry）
Conduct research on new methods of atomic interferometry and develop new technologies for atom interferometers.